Type-writing machine.



B. G. STIGKNEY. TYPE WRITING MACHINE,

APPLICATION IFILED OCT. l4, 1903. I 903,51 '7. Patented Nov; 10, 1908.

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l3, ATTORNEY B. G. STIOKNEY. TYPE WRITING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED00w. 14, 1903.

Patented Nov. 10, 1908 a SHEETS-SHEET 2 TNEEEEEE= TUHNE B. 0. STIGKNEYLI TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

'APPLIOATION FILED OUT. 14, 1903.

Patented Nov. 10, 1908.

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INVENTUH \A/WNEEEEa H15, TTURNELY UNITED STATES PATENT onrion.

BURN-HAM O. STICKNEY, OF ELIZABETH, NEW J ER SEY, ASSIGNOR TO UNIONTYPEWRITER GOHPANY, OF JERSEY CITY, NEW JERSEY, A' CORPORATION OF NEWJERSEY.

TYPE-WRITING MACHINE.

I No. 903,517.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 10, mos.

Application filed October 14, 1903. Serial No. 177,002.

' dent of Elizabeth, in the county of Union and State of New Jersey,have invented certain new and useful Im rovements in Type- WritingMachines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates ,to the type actions of writing machines of thefront strike class, and its object is to provide simple and effectiveconnections between the keys and the -type,bars, such that the leverageof the keys upon "the type bars is automatically decreased durin the)rinting stroke, so as to cushion the b ow oi the finger at bothbeginning and end of the key movement, and also to insure a powerfulblow of. the type.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1,

is a longitudinal vertical section taken about centrally of one form offront strike writingv machines made in accordance with my presentimprovements; one type action being shown in normal position and one inprinting position. v Fig. 2 is a front vertical section taken about onthe line :rmof Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. ,1 but showinganother form of connection between the key andty ebar.

' In t 1e several views, like signs identify like parts. In the base 1of the machine frame, which also comprises corner posts 2 and a topplate 3, are mounted horizontal key levers 4 of the first order, bearingkeys 5; said levers being fulcrumed between their ends .upon ahorizontal fulcrum rod 6, and being'provided with returning springs 7. i

Over the rear ends of the key levers is mounted a system of bell cranksor elbow levers, comprising upright arms 8 and for- -wardly extendingarms 9; said elbow levers being fulcru'med'upon a horizontal rod, 10,and the arms 8 being connected by forwardly extending links 11 to typebars 12. The latter aremounted upon a curved fulcrum rod 13, strikerearwardly against a platen 14, and are rovided with returning s rings15. The el ow-lever arms'Q extendfi'om their ivots towards the pivotalsu ort 6 of the ey levers, and the rear arms 0 iilie key levers extendfrom the rod 6 towardsthe rod 10; the arms in each set terminatingbetween the rods. Each of the arms 9 of the elbow levers is formed uponits underside with a curved tread 16 adapted to contact with and rollalong the upper edge of the rear arm of its associated key lever 4,during the printing stroke, beginning at a point at the forward end ofthe arm 9, as indicated in fulllines, and ending at a point at the rearend of the key lever, as indicated in dotted lines. The point of contactgradually shifts rearwardly between the two fulcrums 6 and 10, wherebythe leverage of the key "lever u on theelbow lever is radu-ally butmateria y diminished during i316 printing stroke-of the type bar. Thelatter is caused to startslowly into action, and finishes with anaccelerated moveent, while the blow of the finger upon the icy is easedboth upon initialcontact with stroke.

It will be seen that the mounting of the type action is very compact,the key levers extending rearwardly beneath the type bars, and thesub-levers not only cooperating with the key levers to ease the fingeractionybut also serving to transmute the up and down key lever movementinto a forward and back action adapted to actuate the rearwardlystriking type bars. The upstanding arms 8 of the elbow levers are ofgraduated heights, being shortest in'the middle of the system and ofgradually-increasing height from the middle to the sides of the system,to agree with the positions of the type bars, which are mounted in acurved bar or segment 17. The arms 9 of the elbow levers are of suchrelative proportions as to cause the dip of the keys to be substantiallyuniform. While in some cases the key lever springs may be omitted, stillI prefer to use t em in connection with the type bar springs, as tendingto produce a more uniform tension of the keys than would be the case ifthe type bar springs alone were depended upon.

The ty e bar segment is perferably mounted to slidb'vertically betweenguides 18, to enable upper case types to print; and the links 11 swingidly about their points of connection to the arms ,8 during themovementsof the segment.

Referring now to Fi 3,, the key levers,

the key and also at the completion of the key designated as 19, areormed at their rear ends with icurved treads at 20, which extend aboutat' rightg anglesto the length of the levers. These treads are ada tedto roll down along the front edges 0 upstanding levers 21, which areconnected by links 11 to the type bars. The action of the key lever issimilar to that of an elbow lever, and

the effect of the rolling movement is the same as in the constructionshown at Fig. 1.

Other variations may be resorted to with in the scope of myinvention,and portions of my improvements, may be used without others. v

What I claim as by Letters Patent,.is':'x-

a 1. In a front strike writing machine, the

combination with a series of rearwardly striking ty e bars, of a seriesof upstanding sub-levers in rear of the type bars and connected thereto,and a series ofkey bearing levers of the first order extending beneaththe type bars and having rolling contact with the sub-levers. i

2. In a front strike writing machine, the combination with a series ofrearwardly strikin type bars, of a series of key levers of the listorder, and a series of elbow levers compgising arms extending lonitudinally of the ey levers and having r0 ling contact therewith, andalso com rising upstanding arms which are connecte to the ty e bars.

, 3. In a front strike writing maciiine, the combination with a seriesof rearwardly strikingtypebars, of a series of key levers of the firstorder extending rearwardly bee neath the type bars; a series of elbowlevers having both forwardly extending arms,

which have rolling contact with the key levers, and also upwardlyextending arms;

and links extending forwardly from the latter to the type bars.

4. In a front strike writing machine, the, ;combinat1on with a series ofrearwardly striking type bars, of a series of key levers of the firstorder, and a series of elbow levers com rising arms extending lonitudinally of theey levers and having r0 ling contact therewith, andalso com risin upstanding arms which are connects to t e type bars;

len ths, shortestat the midd an of gradually increasing lengths from thesaid upstanding arms being of raduated e of t e system middle to thesides of the system, to agree with the positions of the type bars.

5. Ina front strike writing machine, the

new and desire to SGQIIIQ all increasing length from the middle to thesi es 'oi the system, to agree with the positions of the type bars.

6.--The combination with altype bar of a key lever of the first orderand a sub-lever;

the latter'bein .operatively connected to the 3pc bar and aving an armwhich extends ong'an arm of the key lever, and rolls thereon; each ofsaid rolling arms extending from its own pivot towards the pivot of theother arm but terminating between the pivots.

i "7. The combination with a type bar of a key lever'and a siib-leverthe latter'bein o eratively connectedto the type bar and av ing an armwhich extends along an arm of thekey lever, and rolls thereon; each ofsaid rolling arms extending from its own pivot to,-

wards the pivot of the other arm but termi nating between the pivots;said key lever being of the first order and extendin rearwardly from thekeyboard, and said subever having an upwardly extending arm which is.connected to said type bar.

8. The combination with a ty e bar of a lever of the first orderconnecte thereto; a key lever; said levers being mounted and formed forrolling contact; a spring for returning the type bar to normal position;and an independent spring for returning said key lever to normalposition. q;

9. In a front strike writing machipe, the combination with a series ofrearwardly striking type bars, of a series of ke levers of the firstorder extending rearward y beneath the type bars, aseries of elbowlevers having forwardly extending arms which override the rear arms ofthe key levers and which also have curved treads, said elbow levers alsohaving upwardly extending arms, and links connecting the latter tothetype bars.

10. In a front strike writing machine, the combination with a series ofrearwardly strikingtype bars, of a series of ke levers of the firstorder extending rearward y beneath the type bars, a series of elbowlevers having forwardly extending arms which overridethe rear arms ofthe key levers and which also have curved treads, said elbow levers alsohaving upwardlyextending arms, links connecting the latter-to the typebars, returning sprins connected to said type bars, and returning sprins for said key levers. I

11. In a fron strike writing machine, the combination with a series ofrearwardly striking type bars, of a series of ke levers of the firstorderextending rearward y'beneath the type bars, a series of elbowlevers having forwardly extending arms which override the rear arms ofthe key'levers and which also have curved treads, said elbow. leversalso having u wardly extending arms, links connecting t e latter to thetype bars, returning springs connected to said type bars, returningsprin s for said key levers, and means for shifting t e said type barsto enable erent types to print; said upwardly extending arms being ofgraduated lengths to agree with the positions of the type bars. 1

12. In a front strike writing machine, the combination with a series ofrearwardly striking type bars, of a series of key levers of the firstorder extending rearwardly beneath the type bars, a series of elbowlevers having forwardly extending arms which override the rear arms ofthe key levers and which also have curved treads, said elbow levers alsohaving upwardly extending arms, and links connecting the latter to thetype bars; said rolling arms being respectively of such lengths andproportions as to enable the dip of the keys to be substantiallyuniform.

13. The combination with a series of rear-- wardly striking type bars,of a series of key levers beneath the same, a series of elbow leversmounted in rear of and above the key levers and having upwardlyextending arms and also having forwardly extending arms; linksconnecting said upwardly extending arms to the type bars, said keylevers beinglevers of the rst order and operating directly on saidforwardly extending arms between the fulcra of the key levers and thefulcra of the elbow levers.

14. The combination with a series of rearwardly striking type bars, of aseries of elbow levers mounted in rear thereof and mounted upon atransverse fulcrum rod and having upwardly extending arms connected tothe type bars and also having forwardly extending arms; and a series ofkey levers of the first order mounted upon atransverse fulcrum rodextending beneath the type bars and adapted to contact with and actuatesaidforwardly extending arms, the contacting arms being of such relativeproportions as to cause the dip of the keys to be substantially uniform.

15. In a typewriting machine, the combinationof a series of upwardly andrearwardly striking typebars, a series of key levers, a series ofupright sub-levers-pivoted on fixed pivots in the rear of the type barsand extending to different heights, and forwardly extending links fromsaid sub-levers to the type bars, each sub-lever having a rollingengagement with its associated key lever, 1 the parts being proportionedso that the rolling engagement between the key lever and sub-lever issuch that a uniform dip of the various key levers is provided.

16. In a typewriting machine, the combimum of a series of upwardly andrear wardly strikin type bars, a series, of key levers, a series 0upright sub-levers pivoted on afixed pivot in the rear of the type barsand extending to progressively greater heights from the center to thesides of the system, 'a forwardly extending link from each sub-lever tothe associated ty e bar, one of each of the sub-lever and key everelements" having a cam surface for; cooperating and rolling engagementwith the other of said elements, the parts being proportioned so thatthe rolling engagement between the various key levers and sub-levers issuch that a uniform dip of the key levers throughout the system isprovided. V

17.. In a typewriting machine, the combination of an upwardly andrearwardly striking type bar,-a keylever having a cam, and an uprightsub-lever pivoted on a fixed pivot in the rear of the type bar andhaidsub-lever cooperating with the cam .on said key lever.

1.8. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a series of upwardlyand rearwardly striking type bars, a series of upright sub-levers whichare movable on fixed pivots and extend to different heights, linksconnecting said type bars and sub-levers, one of eachof said sub-leverand key-lever elements having a cam which-cooperates with the other ofsaid elements, the arrangement bein such that the engagement between thekey lever and sub-lever shall be nearest to stroke, the parts beingproportioned so that the rolling engagement between the various keylevers and sub-levers is such that a uniform dip of. the key leversthroughout the system is provided.

19. In a typewriting machine, the .combination of a series of type bars,a series of up right sub-levers for said type bars, said subleversextending different heights from the center to the sides of thesystem,and a series of key levers cooperating directly with said sub-levers,the arrangement of the parts and the contacting surfaces between the keylevers and sub-levers being of such relative pro ortions as to cause thedip of the keys to e substantially uniform throughout the system and toeffect a varying leverage during the'key depressions.

20. In a typewriting machine, a type-bar arranged to swing upwardly andrearwardly, an upright auxiliary lever operatively connected with thetype-bar, and a bell-crank key lever having a vertical rolling contactwith the auxiliary lever.

21'. In a typewriting machine, a type-bar arranged to, swing upwardlyand rearwardly, an upright auxiliary lever operatively connected to thetype-bar, and a substantially horizontal ke lever having an uprightrocking face in irect rolling contact with the auxiliary lever.

connected to the tylpe-bar at its upper end, and adpivoted keyevervhaving an upright part a jacent its pivot indirect contact with theupright part of the auxiliary lever, and

acting to gradually shift the contact point between the two levers froma position near thekey-lever pivot to a position near the. auxiliarylever pivot as the key-lever is depressed. v

23.1111. a typewriting machine, a type-bar [arranged to swing upwardlyand rearwardly,

a'pivot ed upright auxiliary lever operativeliy 7 connected to thetylpe-bar at its upper en and a pivoted keyever having an upright partin-ldirect changeable contact with the upright' ipart of the auxiliarylever,--one of said-,cont'aeting parts being curved and acting to causethe movement of either lever to be transmitted to the other with anaccelerated motion.

24. In a typewriting machine, a type-bar arranged to swing upwardly andrearwardly, an upright angular auxiliary lever pivotally supported atIts lower end and operativel connected to the type-bar at its upper enand a key-lever pivotally supported at its rear end havin I an u ri htart in direct conb i tact with the front side of t e auxiliary lever andacting to vibrate the auxiliar lever from its normal position with anacce crating motion.

25. In a typewriting machine, a type-bar arranged to swing upwardly andrearwardly, a pivoted upri ht auxiliary lever operative (y connected tothe type-bar at its upper en and a rearwardly extending key-leverpivotally supported at its rear end having an u right part in directrolling contact with tl ie auxiliary lever and acting with the down-Ward movement of the front end of the keylever to swing the uppler endof the auxiliary lever rearwardly Wlt tion. v

26. In a typewritin'g machine, a type-bar arranged to swing upwardly andrearwardly, an upright. pivoted angular auxiliary lever operativelyconnected to the type-bar at its an" accelerating moupper" end, and anangular horlzontal key lever pivotally supported at its rear end andhaving a rocking connection with the'auxiliary lever, the angular'partof one'leverworking within the other to, cause both levers to return tonormal position at the same time.

27. In a typewriting machine, a type-bar- State of New York, this 12thday of October A. D. 1903. I

BURNHAM o. STIOKNEY.

Witnesses:

I E. M. WELLS, v

M. Fl HANNWEBER.

